Cartagena.info

An independent guide to Cartagena, Colombia

Prices · Cartagena, Colombia

Is Cartagena expensive? The prices set by law, and a budget for your day

Is Cartagena expensive? Not for what has an official price. A bus ride is 3,900 COP (about USD 1.00), the city walls and the gold museum are free, and the fort is 38,000 COP (about USD 12). For three days and three nights, official prices come to 42,300 COP a person a day (about USD 13): the taxi from the airport shared by two, two bus rides a day, the fort, one museum and one boat day. What makes Cartagena, Colombia cheap or dear is everything without a fixed price: your room, meals, boats and beach services. There the law gives you the price shown, in pesos, and a tip you may refuse.

Some links on this page are affiliate links: the guide earns a commission when you book through them. The partner sets the price; the guide adds no fee.

1The ledger

Every price set by decree, law or the operator

Pick what you are paying for, or read the whole ledger. Each line gives the amount, the rough figure in the other currency, who sets it and the document it comes from. Rules sit beside prices where a rule is all there is: for tips, the price tag and the hotel tax, the law sets a limit, not an amount.

Two Centro linesThe airport table has two lines for the center: zone 1 for the walled city streets, Getsemaní and La Matuna, zone 2 for the hotel zone of the historic center. Ask at the authorized taxi desk which one your hotel is in.

Per taxi, not per personAirport fares are for the car. Split between four, the walled city costs each person a quarter. Every zone of the table: Cartagena airport.

Ledger of official prices

Prices in Cartagena, Colombia, set by decree, law or the operator’s own table, as of

“About” amounts at 3,297.07 pesos per US dollar, the official rate of .

What are you paying for?

Official prices in Cartagena by what you pay for: amount, about in the other currency, who sets it, and the document
WhatAmountAboutWho sets itDocument
ArrivingA taxi from the airport, or the taxes on my ticket
Walled city (Centro, San Diego), La Matuna, GetsemaníAirport taxi, zone 1 20,200 COP about USD 6 Alcaldía de Cartagena, Decreto 0051 de 2026; printed by the airport operator, OINAC Airport taxi fare table, 2026
Centro, hotel zone of the historic centerAirport taxi, zone 2 24,300 COP about USD 7 Same decree Airport taxi fare table, 2026
Muelle de la Bodeguita, the island dockAirport taxi, zone 2 24,300 COP about USD 7 Same decree Airport taxi fare table, 2026
Bocagrande, Castillogrande, El LaguitoAirport taxi, zone 5 34,400 COP about USD 10 Same decree Airport taxi fare table, 2026
Night surcharge, airport and city taxisFrom 19:00 to 05:00 1,100 COP · Decreto 0051 de 2026, as printed in the airport table Airport taxi fare table, 2026
International airport tax (TAI), flying out of CartagenaPer passenger, valid for 2026 54 USD about 178,000 COP OINAC, the airport operator, under resolution 01169 of 2021 Airport charges page, 2026
National tourism tax on international ticketsOn tickets that start abroad and include Colombia; part of the fare 15 USD about 49,000 COP Congress: Ley 1101 de 2006 art. 4, as amended by Ley 2010 de 2019 Ley 1101 de 2006, Senate text
Exit tax on international departuresCollected when the ticket is sold 1 USD about 3,000 COP Government: Decreto 0625 of 19 June 2026 Decreto 0625 de 2026
Getting aroundA bus or a taxi in the city
Transcaribe bus, one rideIn force since 23 January 2026 3,900 COP about USD 1.00 Alcaldía de Cartagena, Decreto 017 of 15 January 2026 Transcaribe fare notice, 20 January 2026
How to pay the bus Visa debit/credit contactless, or Visa in Apple Pay / Google Pay, at validators on buses and in stations; no card needed, no registration, no PIN Transcaribe Payment notice, 2 September 2026
Change buses without paying againSame direction, same card or phone 90 minutes · Transcaribe Payment notice, 2 September 2026
One fare per card Each traveller needs their own card or device Transcaribe Payment notice, 2 September 2026
Taxis inside the cityFares set by city decree Decreto 0051 de 2026, Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena Alcaldía de Cartagena and its transit office, DATT Named in the airport taxi table
Sites and museumsA ticket to a fort, a museum or the walls
Castillo San Felipe, foreign adultFull rate, anyone without Colombian ID 38,000 COP about USD 12 ETCAR, the public body that runs the forts Resolución 005 of 9 January 2026, in force from 15 January
Castillo San Felipe, with Colombian ID 33,000 COP about USD 10 ETCAR Resolución 005 of 9 January 2026
Castillo San Felipe, reducedChildren 6 to 13, students and teachers with a card; at the ticket office only 16,000 COP about USD 5 ETCAR Resolución 005 of 9 January 2026
Castillo San Felipe, free entry Under 6 ETCAR Visitor page
San Pedro Claver church and museum, international adult 30,000 COP about USD 9 Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver Rates and hours page, 5 February 2026
San Pedro Claver, foreign child, student or over 60 22,000 COP about USD 7 Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver Rates and hours page, 5 February 2026
San Pedro Claver, free entry Under 6; members of ICOM Colombia with a valid card Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver Rates and hours page, 5 February 2026
Palace of the Inquisition (Museo Histórico), adultSame price for Colombians and foreigners 24,000 COP about USD 7 Museo Histórico de Cartagena (MUHCA) Visit page, current
Palace of the Inquisition, reducedChildren, students, teachers, older adults 20,000 COP about USD 6 MUHCA Visit page, current
Palace of the Inquisition, free entry Under 5 MUHCA Visit page, current
Aviario Nacional, foreign adultOn the Barú road 90,000 COP about USD 27 Aviario Nacional de Colombia Rate notice of 13 August 2026, from 1 September
Aviario Nacional, foreign child 2 to 12 or student 65,000 COP about USD 20 Aviario Nacional de Colombia Rate notice of 13 August 2026
The city walls Free and open to the public ETCAR Visitor page, Murallas
Museo del Oro Zenú, Parque Bolívar Free Banco de la República Plan your visit page
Boat daysA day on the Rosario or San Bernardo islands
Park fee, Corales del RosarioSame for Colombians and foreigners 13,500 COP about USD 4.00 Parques Nacionales Naturales Resolución 551 of 19 December 2025, for 2026
Dock fee, Muelle de la BodeguitaPer person, each boat day 18,000 COP about USD 5 Corpoturismo, which runs the dock’s ticket store Dock ticket store, 2026
Park and dock togetherPaid at the dock, on top of most tours 31,500 COP about USD 10 Parques Nacionales and Corpoturismo Dock ticket store, 2026
Park fee, San Bernardo sector 11,000 COP about USD 3.50 Parques Nacionales Naturales Resolución 551 of 19 December 2025
Children under 5 and adults over 62Free only for some Only for Colombians, foreigners resident in Colombia and citizens of Andean Community countries Parques Nacionales Naturales Resolución 551 of 19 December 2025
Where the park fee is paid Only at authorised points or online Parques Nacionales Naturales Resolución 551 of 19 December 2025
Accident insurance for everyone entering the parkSold by the insurers named below, on top of the park fee Mandatory since 1 March 2026 Parques Nacionales, under Resolución 273 de 2024 Park news, 14 June 2026
Who sells the insurance Positiva Compañía de Seguros, with Magenta Seguros, and Aseguradora Zurich Parques Nacionales Park news, 14 June 2026
Tips, taxes and the price tagA meal, a drink, a hotel bill or a beach service
What a tip is Voluntary money given by the consumer; the venue may suggest it; acceptance always depends on the consumer Congress: Ley 1935 de 2018, art. 2 Ley 1935 of 3 August 2018
Highest tip a venue may suggestOf the value of the service 10% · Ley 1935 de 2018, art. 3 Ley 1935 of 3 August 2018
Your right on a suggested tip The consumer has the right not to pay a suggested tip, or to change its amount Ley 1935 de 2018, art. 3 Ley 1935 of 3 August 2018
The waiter must ask Staff must ask whether the customer wants the voluntary tip included on the bill, or what amount Ley 1935 de 2018, art. 4 Ley 1935 of 3 August 2018
The bill before you pay You get the itemized bill before paying, with each item, its unit price and the total Ley 1935 de 2018, art. 4 Ley 1935 of 3 August 2018
Where the tip goes Only the people in the service chain; owners may not take any part Ley 1935 de 2018, art. 5 Ley 1935 of 3 August 2018
The price shown is the priceShops, restaurants, beach services, tours The seller must state the retail price in Colombian pesos, including all taxes and extra costs, visibly; the consumer pays only the displayed price; if two or more prices appear, the lowest applies Congress: consumer statute, Ley 1480 de 2011, art. 26 Ley 1480 de 2011
General VAT (IVA) rate 19% · Estatuto Tributario, art. 468 As set by Ley 1819 de 2016
Hotel VAT: when a visitor who lives abroad can be exempt Tourist services provided to residents abroad and used in Colombia are exempt (0%); sold by hotels or tour-operator agencies registered in the Registro Nacional de Turismo (RNT); for hotels it applies whether the guest or a travel agency pays Tax office, DIAN Concepto 14767 de 2025
What the hotel needs from you Original passport with valid entry stamp/PIP or suitable temporary visa; with automatic Biomig gates (no stamp), passport plus a Migración Colombia migratory-movements certificate or other proof of entry/exit dates (DIAN Concepto 3522 of 25 Mar 2025) DIAN Concepto 14767 de 2025
If the hotel keeps no copy The hotel must keep copies; otherwise no exemption DIAN Concepto 14767 de 2025
MoneyChanging dollars into pesos
Official exchange rate (TRM), pesos per US dollarValid on 11 November 2026; every “about” on this page uses it 3,297.07 COP per USD · Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia, which certifies it daily Open data set, 11 November 2026

Pesos to dollars, at the official rate

Rate of , 3,297.07 COP per USD. Banks, card issuers and exchange desks use their own rate and fees, so what you pay differs.

Quick conversions at the official rate
PesosDollars
5,000 COPabout USD 1.50
10,000 COPabout USD 3.00
20,000 COPabout USD 6
50,000 COPabout USD 15
100,000 COPabout USD 30
Tours, boats, rooms, meals and beach services have no official price and are not in the ledger. The airport taxi fare to every zone of the city: Cartagena airport.

2Your budget

Build your day in pesos

The official parts of your stay are already in the form: the taxi from the airport to your zone, bus rides, the tickets you choose and the fees for each boat day. Add your own figures for the room, meals and tours, in dollars or pesos, and the ledger on the right gives the cost per person for the stay and per day.

The form suggests no hotel, meal or tour prices. Those are set by each seller and change by season and by the week; take them from your booking or the menu you are looking at.

Each boat day, per person31,500 COPabout USD 10 in park and dock fees, paid at Muelle de la Bodeguita on top of most tour prices. See the Rosario boat day.

Official prices are filled in. Fields marked “yours” stay empty until you type your own figure.

Your stay
Official prices

Fare per taxi: 20,200 COP; at night add 1,100 COP.

The airport table prices the ride from the airport only. Put the ride back under your own city taxis below.

A ride: 3,900 COP.

Tickets

Each boat day: park 13,500 COP (San Bernardo 11,000 COP) plus dock 18,000 COP. The park’s mandatory accident insurance is bought from the insurer, on top of these fees.

Some tours, such as the shared Rosario catamaran, include the park and dock fees in their price: if the listing says so, set this to the boat days you pay at the dock yourself.

Yours: the parts with no official price

Your budget

Official prices for 3 days: 127,000 COP a person (about USD 39), 42,300 COP a day. Add your room, meals and tours for the full budget.

Budget per person for the whole stay
Per person, whole stayPesosDollars
Official prices
Airport taxi from the airport, shared by 2 people10,100 COPabout USD 3.00
Transcaribe, 2 rides a day23,400 COPabout USD 7
Castillo San Felipe, foreign adult38,000 COPabout USD 12
Palace of the Inquisition, foreign adult24,000 COPabout USD 7
Rosario park fee and dock fee, 1 boat day31,500 COPabout USD 10
Official part127,000 COPabout USD 39
Your own figures
Type your room, meals and tours in the form to add them.
Total for the stay127,000 COPabout USD 39
Per day, over 3 days42,300 COPabout USD 13

Shown for the default stay: two travelers, three days, the taxi from the airport to the walled city, two bus rides a day, the fort and the Palace of the Inquisition, one Rosario boat day. With JavaScript on, the form recalculates.

Dollars at the official rate of the ledger above. Prices for tours, rooms and meals are yours to fill in: they are set by each seller.

3The answer

What is cheap, what adds up, and what has no fixed price

Set side by side, the official prices fall into two groups, and the third group is everything else. The bars show each price in dollars on a stretched scale, so that a bus ride and an airport tax fit on one line.

Official prices in Cartagena on one scale, in dollars at the official rate

Fixed and cheap

  • City walls and the Museo del Oro ZenúFree
  • Transcaribe bus a ride3,900 COP about USD 1.00
  • Palace of the Inquisition adult24,000 COP about USD 7
  • San Pedro Claver foreign adult30,000 COP about USD 9

Fixed, and adds up over a stay

  • Castillo San Felipe foreign adult38,000 COPabout USD 12
  • Park and dock fees each boat day, each person31,500 COPabout USD 10
  • Airport taxi to the walled city each way, per taxi20,200 COPabout USD 6
  • Airport taxi to Bocagrande each way, per taxi34,400 COPabout USD 10
  • Aviario Nacional foreign adult90,000 COPabout USD 27
  • Airport tax, international departure per passenger54 USD

No fixed price

Rooms, meals and drinks, beach chairs and tents, boat rides agreed on the sand, massages and food there, and street vendors. These decide your budget. What the tours and boat days sell for is under the scale.

Fixed and cheap. Getting around on Transcaribe and seeing the walled city cost little: the walls are open and free, the Museo del Oro Zenú on Parque Bolívar is free, and the two big museums of the old town cost a few dollars each. The walking routes are on the walled city page.

Fixed, and adds up. The fort is a one-time ticket; see the Castillo San Felipe guide for when to go. The park and dock fees come back on every boat day, for every person. Children under 5 and adults over 62 go free only if they are Colombian, foreigners resident in Colombia or citizens of the Andean Community (CAN). Flying out of Cartagena on an international flight carries 54 USD in airport tax and 1 USD in exit tax; the tourism tax of 15 USD is on tickets that start abroad and include Colombia, so it sits in the fare that brought you in. Check the tax lines of your ticket to see which are already in the fare; the full list is on Check-Mig and entry.

No fixed price. On the beach and in the street, Colombian consumer law covers you: the seller must state the price in pesos with all taxes, you owe only the price displayed, and where two prices are shown, the lower one applies (Ley 1480 de 2011, art. 26). Agree the price before the service starts: in pesos, for how many people and for how long. If a seller refuses, walk on. The complaint channels and the police line are on is Cartagena safe; for the sand itself, see Cartagena beaches.

What the sold things cost. Tours, boat days and transfers have no official price, but the booking sites publish one. These are the lowest prices listed for each kind on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026: one figure where a single listing was found, the lowest and the highest start where there were several, per person unless the line says otherwise. The partner sets them and they change, and none of them is an official fee: where a tour crosses a gate, the fee is either inside the tour price or paid on the day.

  • A shared walking tour of the walled city and Getsemaní, 3 listings: 10 to 14 USD
  • A city tour by vehicle with the fortress and La Popa, 5 listings: 31 to 100 USD
  • A shared island-hopping boat day to the Rosario Islands, 11 listings: 65 to 166 USD
  • A day pass on one of the Rosario Islands, 8 listings: 120 to 157 USD
  • A beach day or club pass on Tierra Bomba, 13 listings: 14 to 222 USD
  • A Playa Blanca day on Barú by road with lunch, 5 listings: 24 to 50 USD
  • The Totumo mud volcano, 3 listings: 55 to 69 USD
  • San Basilio de Palenque, 5 listings: 26 to 128 USD
  • A street food walking tour, 3 listings: 52 to 56 USD
  • A cooking class in a restaurant kitchen, 3 listings: 40 to 59 USD
  • A sunset cruise on the bay, 6 listings: 24 to 55 USD
  • A private airport transfer, 6 listings, four of them priced per group: 11 to 30 USD
  • A private boat or yacht for the islands, 8 listings, for the whole boat: 360 to 1,000 USD

Rooms are not on that list. A room price changes with the date and the size of the party, so this guide gives none; the areas and what each is like are on where to stay in Cartagena.

4City taxis

Taxis inside the city: the decree’s minimum fare

Taxi fares in Cartagena are set by city decree, Decreto 0051 de 2026, Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena. El Universal reported its 2026 minimum fare as 12,250 COP (El Universal, 27 February 2026); in the decree’s table from the historic center, Bocagrande, Castillogrande, El Laguito, Marbella, Manga and Crespo are all at that minimum, and the night surcharge is 1,100 COP from 19:00 to 5:00. For rides from the airport the operator prints the fare to each zone: that is the airport block of the ledger. For other rides, agree the fare with the driver before you get in, and say the barrio, not only the hotel name. Every taxi must carry the notice of the official fares where you can read it; how to report an overcharge: getting around.

The UK, Canada and Australia advise against hailing taxis on the street and suggest a licensed taxi booked by phone or app, or through your hotel; the US rule is for its own staff. All four advisories: is Cartagena safe. At the airport the operator runs two authorized taxi stations, one at the domestic and one at the international exit, and recommends always using them. Their fare is the one in the ledger. If you would rather have a driver waiting with your name, a private arrival or departure transfer is booked ahead at a price the seller sets.

Buses, walking and apps, hop by hop: getting around Cartagena. The airport exits and the taxi desks: Cartagena airport.

Old town to Bocagrande or Manga12,250 COPabout USD 3.50 per taxi, the decree’s minimum fare in 2026, as El Universal printed the table.

Airport to Bocagrande, per taxi34,400 COPabout USD 10, zone 5 of the 2026 table. Where each area sits: where to stay in Cartagena.

5Tips and tax

Tips, the bill and the hotel tax

A restaurant or bar in Colombia may suggest a tip on the bill. The tipping law of 3 August 2018 (Ley 1935 de 2018) sets what that line may be:

  • It is voluntary. Voluntary money given by the consumer; the venue may suggest it; acceptance always depends on the consumer.
  • It has a ceiling. A suggested tip may not exceed 10% of the value of the service.
  • You may refuse it or change it: the consumer has the right not to pay a suggested tip, or to change its amount.
  • You are asked first. Staff must ask whether the customer wants the voluntary tip included on the bill, or what amount.
  • You see the bill before you pay: you get the itemized bill before paying, with each item, its unit price and the total.
  • It goes to the staff: only the people in the service chain; owners may not take any part.

The menu price already includes tax: Colombian law requires the price shown to include all taxes and extra costs.

Your hotel bill. A room can be exempt from IVA, the value added tax, when three conditions hold, in the tax office’s reading in Concepto 14767 de 2025. You live abroad and use the service in Colombia. The hotel, or the tour operator that sells the package, is registered in the national tourism register (RNT). And you prove your entry: your original passport with a valid entry stamp or a suitable temporary visa; if you came through the automatic Biomig gates and have no stamp, your passport plus a Migración Colombia certificate of your movements or other proof of your dates. The hotel must keep copies, or the exemption does not apply. Ask at check-in whether your hotel applies it, and check the bill for an IVA line. Areas and kinds of places to sleep: where to stay and boutique hotels.

Highest suggested tip10 %Of the value of the service, and only with your consent. Places to eat: food in Cartagena.

Entry stampThe proof the hotel asks for depends on how you entered the country. The entry form and what to carry: Check-Mig.

6Money

Pesos, cards and cash machines

The currency in Cartagena is the Colombian peso, COP. The official exchange rate, the TRM, is certified each day by the Superintendencia Financiera; on it was 3,297.07 COP per USD. Every “about” figure on this page uses that rate, and the converter in the ledger turns any amount.

Dollars. The law asks for prices in pesos, and the peso price is the one you owe. A price quoted in dollars is the seller’s own conversion; compare it with the official rate before you agree.

Cards. On Transcaribe, a contactless Visa card or phone pays at the gate; the bus block of the ledger has the rules. Elsewhere, Canada warns of card overcharging: Happens especially in popular tourist areas; ask for a printed price list before ordering.

Cash machines. Canada: Use ATMs in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business; cover the keypad when entering your PIN. Australia: Use ATMs inside banks, shopping centres or other public places during business hours; avoid street ATMs. Take out what the day needs.

Official rate, pesos per dollar3,297.07 COP per USDValid on . Banks and exchange desks add their own margin.

7Old figures

Why you see other prices online

Most official prices in Cartagena change once a year, around January. The rules behind the changes:

  • The fort: its prices rise with consumer prices (IPC) each 15 January, rounded up to the next thousand pesos. The 2026 rates hold from 15 January 2026.
  • The bus: a new city decree each year. The 2025 fare was 3,400 COP; since 23 January 2026 it is 3,900 COP.
  • The national park: Parques Nacionales sets the fee per calendar year; the 2026 fee is one price for Colombians and foreigners.
  • The airport tax: set in dollars for the calendar year.
  • The exit tax is new: it applies to tickets sold from 23 September 2026.

The park and dock fees are paid at the dock’s ticket store or online, at the 2026 price, so check whether a tour includes them. The 5-stop Rosario Islands day tour, for one, lists the port tax as payable on the day. Choosing between the islands: Cartagena islands, Isla Barú and San Bernardo.

Gate fees on a plan: things to do and the itinerary. Tables for reuse: Cartagena data.

Carved stone portal of the Palacio de la Inquisición on Plaza de Bolívar
The carved stone portal of the Palacio de la Inquisición, now the Museo Histórico de Cartagena, behind the railings of Plaza de Bolívar.Photo: Dr. Thomas Liptak, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Brown pelican on a wooden dock over turquoise water
A brown pelican rests on the railing of a wooden dock above turquoise water.Photo: SebastianGalvis, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

8Questions

Prices in Cartagena, asked and answered

Is Cartagena cheap or expensive?

It depends on what you buy. Official prices are low: a bus ride is 3,900 COP, the walls and the gold museum are free, and the fort is 38,000 COP. Rooms, meals, boat tours and beach services have no official price and make up most of a budget. The law says the price shown in pesos is the price, and the tip is voluntary.

Can I use US dollars in Cartagena?

Prices must be stated in Colombian pesos, and the peso price is what you owe. Some sellers quote dollars; that is their own conversion. The official rate on 11 November 2026 was 3,297.07 pesos per dollar. Compare any dollar price with it, and pay in pesos where you can.

How much should you tip in Cartagena?

A tip in Colombia is voluntary. Restaurants may suggest one on the bill, but a suggested tip may not exceed 10% of the service, and the staff must ask whether you want it included. You can refuse it or change the amount. By law the tip goes to the staff, not the owner.

How much is a taxi from Cartagena airport to the old town?

From the authorized taxi desks at the airport, the 2026 fare is 20,200 COP to the walled city, San Diego and Getsemaní, and 24,300 COP to the hotel zone of the historic center. Bocagrande is 34,400 COP. Between 19:00 and 5:00, 1,100 COP is added. The fare is per taxi.

What fees do you pay for a Rosario Islands day?

Each person pays the national park fee, 13,500 COP, and the dock fee at Muelle de la Bodeguita, 18,000 COP, together 31,500 COP. Check whether your tour price includes them. Everyone entering the park also needs the mandatory accident insurance, bought from one of the insurers the park names.

Do foreigners pay VAT on hotels in Colombia?

A hotel room can be exempt if you live abroad, in the tax office’s reading of 2025, when the hotel is registered in the national tourism register (RNT) and you prove your entry with your passport and its entry record. The hotel must keep a copy, or the exemption does not apply. Ask at check-in whether your hotel applies it, and check the bill for an IVA line.

Sources

  1. Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia: authorised taxi stations: Two stations, at the domestic and the international exits; the airport recommends always using them. OINAC: Transporte.
  2. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Centro - San Diego - La Matuna - Getsemaní (2026 table): 20,200 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  3. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Cabrero, Marbella, Torices, Nariño, Crespo, Canapote, Daniel Lemaitre, Siete de Agosto, San Francisco (2026 table): 20,200 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  4. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Muelle de la Bodeguita (2026 table): 24,300 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  5. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Boquilla - Zona Morros - Cielo Mar (2026 table): 24,300 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  6. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Centro - Zona hotelera Centro Histórico (2026 table): 24,300 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  7. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Manga (2026 table): 28,500 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  8. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Pie de la Popa - Pie del Cerro; El Espinal - Lo Amador (2026 table): 28,500 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  9. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Barrio Chino, La Quinta, El Prado, Alcibia - La Candelaria - Armenia (2026 table): 30,800 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  10. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Bocagrande, Castillogrande, Laguito, Cuatro Vientos, Alma Viva (hasta la Bomba del Amparo), Cuartelillo de Olaya (2026 table): 34,400 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  11. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to El Bosque, Alto Bosque, San Isidro, Britania, El Country, Los Almendros, Troncal, Tacarigua, Almaviva (2026 table): 36,300 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  12. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Pozón - Terminal de Transporte (2026 table): 51,000 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  13. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Manzanillo del Mar (casco urbano) (2026 table): 42,000 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  14. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Punta Canoa (casco urbano), Bayunca (2026 table): 56,000 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  15. Official taxi fare from Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia to Mamonal - Zona Industrial, Pasacaballos (2026 table): 74,300 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  16. Airport taxi night surcharge in Cartagena, Colombia (2026): 1100 COP. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  17. Airport taxi night surcharge hours in Cartagena, Colombia (2026): 19:00 to 5:00. OINAC: Tarifas taxis desde el Aeropuerto Internacional Rafael Núñez (footed 'Decreto 0051 Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena').
  18. Rafael Núñez airport (CTG), Cartagena, Colombia: international airport tax (TAI) per passenger, valid 01/01/2026 to 31/12/2026: 54 USD. OINAC: Tarifas aeroportuarias (basis: Resolución 01169 of 21 June 2021 and concession contract 001 of 2023).
  19. Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, Cartagena, Colombia: full rate (Tarifa Plena) for foreign adults and anyone without Colombian ID: 38000 COP. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): Resolución 005 of 9 Jan 2026, 2026-01-09.
  20. Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, Cartagena, Colombia: rate for nationals (Colombian cédula, physical or digital, or Colombian cédula de extranjería): 33,000 COP. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): Resolución 005 of 9 Jan 2026, 2026-01-09.
  21. Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, Cartagena, Colombia: reduced rate (Tarifa Reducida) for children 6-13, students and teachers with a valid card: 16,000 COP. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): Resolución 005 of 9 Jan 2026, 2026-01-09.
  22. Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, Cartagena, Colombia: annual fee change rule: Automatic CPI (IPC) rise each 15 January, rounded up to the next thousand. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): Resolución 005 of 9 Jan 2026, 2026-01-09.
  23. Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, Cartagena, Colombia: fee resolution in force from: 2026-01-15. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): Resolución 005 of 9 Jan 2026, 2026-01-09.
  24. Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, Cartagena, Colombia: free entry for children under 6. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): visitor page Castillo de San Felipe de Barajas.
  25. Palacio de la Inquisición / Museo Histórico de Cartagena (MUHCA), Cartagena, Colombia: adult entry (no national/foreign split): 24,000 COP. Museo Histórico de Cartagena de Indias (MUHCA): visit page.
  26. Palacio de la Inquisición / Museo Histórico de Cartagena (MUHCA), Cartagena, Colombia: children, students, teachers and older adults: 20,000 COP. Museo Histórico de Cartagena de Indias (MUHCA): visit page.
  27. Palacio de la Inquisición / Museo Histórico de Cartagena (MUHCA), Cartagena, Colombia: free entry for children under 5. Museo Histórico de Cartagena de Indias (MUHCA): visit page.
  28. Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver, Cartagena, Colombia: international adult entry: 30,000 COP. Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver: Tarifas y horarios, 2026-02-05.
  29. Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver, Cartagena, Colombia: foreign children, students and over-60s: 22,000 COP. Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver: Tarifas y horarios, 2026-02-05.
  30. Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver, Cartagena, Colombia: free entry for children under 6 and members of ICOM Colombia with a valid card: under 6; members of ICOM Colombia with a valid card. Santuario y Museo San Pedro Claver: Tarifas y horarios, 2026-02-05.
  31. Aviario Nacional de Colombia (Barú, km 14.5, near Cartagena, Colombia): foreign adult ticket: 90,000 COP. Aviario Nacional de Colombia: Aviso actualización de tarifas 2026, 2026-08-13.
  32. Aviario Nacional de Colombia (Barú, km 14.5, near Cartagena, Colombia): foreign child 2-12 / student ticket: 65,000 COP. Aviario Nacional de Colombia: Aviso actualización de tarifas 2026, 2026-08-13.
  33. Museo del Oro Zenú (Banco de la República), Parque Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia: admission: free. Banco de la República, Gold Museum, 'Plan your visit in Cartagena'.
  34. City walls (Murallas) of Cartagena, Colombia: entry: Free and open to the public. ETCAR (Fortificaciones de Cartagena): visitor page Murallas de Cartagena.
  35. PNN Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo (Islas del Rosario), near Cartagena, Colombia: entry fee (all areas except the San Bernardo sector), single price for nationals and foreigners: 13,500 COP. Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: Resolución 551 de 19 de diciembre de 2025, 2025-12-19.
  36. PNN Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo (Islas del Rosario), near Cartagena, Colombia: entry fee, San Bernardo sector: 11,000 COP. Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: Resolución 551 de 19 de diciembre de 2025, 2025-12-19.
  37. PNN Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo (Islas del Rosario), near Cartagena, Colombia: fee exemption for children under 5 and adults over 62: Only for Colombians, foreigners resident in Colombia and citizens of Andean Community countries. Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: Resolución 551 de 19 de diciembre de 2025, 2025-12-19.
  38. PNN Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo (Islas del Rosario), near Cartagena, Colombia: where the entry fee can be paid: Only at authorised points or online. Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: Resolución 551 de 19 de diciembre de 2025, 2025-12-19.
  39. Muelle La Bodeguita, Cartagena, Colombia: park fee bundle (13,500 park + 18,000 dock) for the Islas del Rosario: 31,500 COP. Corpoturismo Cartagena de Indias: ticket store (catalogue in page source).
  40. Muelle La Bodeguita, Cartagena, Colombia: dock fee 'Uso de Muelle 2026' per person: 18,000 COP. Corpoturismo Cartagena de Indias: ticket store (catalogue in page source).
  41. PNN Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo (Islas del Rosario), near Cartagena, Colombia: mandatory accident and assistance insurance for everyone entering, under Resolución 273 de 2024: Mandatory since 1 March 2026. Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: news 14 Jun 2026 (seguro obligatorio, Corales del Rosario), 2026-06-14.
  42. PNN Corales del Rosario y de San Bernardo (Islas del Rosario), near Cartagena, Colombia: insurers approved for the mandatory accident insurance: Positiva Compañía de Seguros, with Magenta Seguros, and Aseguradora Zurich. Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia: news 14 Jun 2026 (seguro obligatorio, Corales del Rosario), 2026-06-14.
  43. Shared island-hopping boat day to the Rosario Islands (several stops, lunch), Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (11 listings, per person): 65 to 166 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  44. Beach-club day pass or beach day on Tierra Bomba, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (13 listings, per person): 14 to 222 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  45. Beach-club day pass on one of the Rosario Islands, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (8 listings, per person): 120 to 157 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  46. Playa Blanca Barú day trip by road with lunch (shared), Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (5 listings, per person): 24 to 50 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  47. Private boat or yacht charter for the Rosario Islands (price for the whole boat), Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (8 listings, per group): 360 to 1000 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  48. City tour by vehicle (Walled City, San Felipe, La Popa, bay), Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (5 listings, per person): 31 to 100 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  49. Shared walking tour of the Walled City and Getsemaní, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (3 listings, per person): 10 to 14 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  50. Street food walking tour, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (3 listings, per person): 52 to 56 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  51. Cooking class in a restaurant kitchen, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (3 listings, per person): 40 to 59 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  52. Shared sunset cruise on the bay (2 hours), Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (6 listings, per person): 24 to 55 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  53. Totumo mud volcano trip, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (3 listings, per person): 55 to 69 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  54. San Basilio de Palenque trip, Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (5 listings, per person): 26 to 128 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  55. Airport transfer, Rafael Núñez airport to the city (private), Cartagena, Colombia: lowest to highest from-price on GetYourGuide and Viator, read 12 November 2026, in US dollars (6 listings, 4 per group and 2 per person): 11 to 30 USD. GetYourGuide and Viator Cartagena pages (read 2026-11-12, USD), 2026-11-12.
  56. IVA (VAT) exemption for foreign tourists in Colombia: scope: Tourist services provided to residents abroad and used in Colombia are exempt (0%); sold by hotels or tour-operator agencies registered in the Registro Nacional de Turismo (RNT); for hotels it applies whether the guest or a travel agency pays. DIAN: Concepto 14767 de 2025 (Estatuto Tributario art. 481 lit. d; Decreto 1625 de 2016 art. 1.3.1.11.1).
  57. IVA exemption for foreign tourists in Colombia: proof of non-residence: Original passport with valid entry stamp/PIP or suitable temporary visa; with automatic Biomig gates (no stamp), passport plus a Migración Colombia migratory-movements certificate or other proof of entry/exit dates (DIAN Concepto 3522 of 25 Mar 2025). DIAN: Concepto 14767 de 2025 (Estatuto Tributario art. 481 lit. d; Decreto 1625 de 2016 art. 1.3.1.11.1).
  58. IVA exemption for foreign tourists in Colombia: hotel duty: The hotel must keep copies; otherwise no exemption. DIAN: Concepto 14767 de 2025 (Estatuto Tributario art. 481 lit. d; Decreto 1625 de 2016 art. 1.3.1.11.1).
  59. Colombia national tourism tax on international air tickets: 15 USD. Ley 1101 de 2006 art. 4 as modified by art. 128 Ley 2010 de 2019 (Senado basedoc).
  60. Colombia exit tax per international air departure, nationals and foreigners: 1 USD. Decreto 0625 of 19 June 2026 (Ministerio de Igualdad y Equidad), Diario Oficial 53.530 of 22 June 2026, 2026-06-19.
  61. Colombia exit tax: in force from: 2026-09-23. Decreto 0625 of 19 June 2026 (Ministerio de Igualdad y Equidad), Diario Oficial 53.530 of 22 June 2026, 2026-06-19.
  62. Colombian peso exchange rate (TRM) valid 2026-11-11: 3297.07 COP per USD. Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia: TRM, open dataset on datos.gov.co, 2026-11-11.
  63. General VAT (IVA) rate in Colombia (Estatuto Tributario art. 468, as modified by Ley 1819 de 2016 art. 184): 19%. Estatuto Tributario art. 468, Secretaría del Senado basedoc, 2016-12-29.
  64. Colombia tourism tax on international air tickets (Ley 1101 de 2006 art. 4, as modified by Ley 2010 de 2019 art. 128): who pays and how: Passengers whose international ticket includes Colombia and starts abroad; airlines include it in the ticket price; passengers in transit or on an international connection do not pay it. Ley 1101 de 2006, art. 4 (Secretaría del Senado), 2019-12-27.
  65. Ley 1935 de 2018 on tips (propinas), Colombia: date of issue: 2018-08-03. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo, 2018-08-03.
  66. Tipping in Colombia (Ley 1935 de 2018 art. 3): the consumer has the right not to pay a suggested tip, or to change its amount. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo, 2018-08-03.
  67. Bills in Colombian restaurants and bars (Ley 1935 de 2018 art. 4): you get the itemized bill before paying, with each item, its unit price and the total. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo, 2018-08-03.
  68. Tips in Colombia (Ley 1935 de 2018 art. 5): who receives them: only the people in the service chain; owners may not take any part. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo, 2018-08-03.
  69. Emergency number for police and ambulance in Colombia (UK FCDO): 123. UK FCDO: Colombia travel advice, 2026-10-30.
  70. Price-abuse complaints in Colombia: SIC consumer complaint portal: https://denuncias.sic.gov.co/consumidor/consumidor/paso0. Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio (SIC).
  71. Tipping (propina) in Colombia: nature (Ley 1935 de 2018 art. 2): Voluntary money given by the consumer; the venue may suggest it; acceptance always depends on the consumer. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo.
  72. Tipping in Colombia: maximum suggested tip (Ley 1935 de 2018 art. 3 §1): 10%. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo.
  73. Tipping in Colombia: staff duty (Ley 1935 de 2018 art. 4): Staff must ask whether the customer wants the voluntary tip included on the bill, or what amount. Ley 1935 de 2018 (propina), Función Pública gestor normativo.
  74. Price display in Colombia (Ley 1480 de 2011 art. 26): The seller must state the retail price in Colombian pesos, including all taxes and extra costs, visibly; the consumer pays only the displayed price; if two or more prices appear, the lowest applies. Ley 1480 de 2011, Función Pública gestor normativo.
  75. UK FCDO on taxis in Colombia: Do not hail taxis on the street; use licensed phone or app taxi services or book through your hotel. UK FCDO: Colombia travel advice, 2026-10-30.
  76. Government of Canada on card overcharging in Colombia: Happens especially in popular tourist areas; ask for a printed price list before ordering. Government of Canada: Travel advice Colombia, 2026-11-02.
  77. Government of Canada on ATM use in Colombia: Use ATMs in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business; cover the keypad when entering your PIN. Government of Canada: Travel advice Colombia, 2026-11-02.
  78. Government of Canada on taxis in Colombia: Avoid hailing taxis on the street; use reputable companies through your hotel or a ride-hailing app. Government of Canada: Travel advice Colombia, 2026-11-02.
  79. Smartraveller on ATMs in Colombia: Use ATMs inside banks, shopping centres or other public places during business hours; avoid street ATMs. Australian Government, Smartraveller: Colombia, 2026-10-06.
  80. Smartraveller on taxis in Colombia: Criminals frequently rob taxi passengers; book a licensed taxi by phone or app. Australian Government, Smartraveller: Colombia, 2026-10-06.
  81. SIC (consumer authority, Colombia): free national phone line: 01 8000 910165. Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio: protección al consumidor.
  82. City taxi fares in Cartagena, Colombia, 2026: governing decree: Decreto 0051 de 2026, Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena. OINAC airport taxi PDF (quotes Decreto 0051 de 2026, Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena).
  83. Taxi night surcharge in Cartagena, Colombia (2026), quoted from the decree: 1100 COP. OINAC airport taxi PDF (quotes Decreto 0051 de 2026, Alcaldía Mayor de Cartagena).
  84. Transcaribe (BRT) bus fare, Cartagena, Colombia: 3900 COP. Transcaribe S.A.: news 'Alcaldía de Cartagena expide decreto que fija nueva tarifa de Transcaribe', 2026-01-20.
  85. Transcaribe (BRT) bus fare, Cartagena, Colombia, 2025: 3400 COP. Transcaribe S.A.: news 'Alcaldía de Cartagena expide decreto que fija nueva tarifa de Transcaribe', 2026-01-20.
  86. Transcaribe fare in force from: 2026-01-23. Transcaribe S.A.: news 'Alcaldía de Cartagena expide decreto que fija nueva tarifa de Transcaribe', 2026-01-20.
  87. Transcaribe, Cartagena, Colombia: contactless Visa payment: Visa debit/credit contactless, or Visa in Apple Pay / Google Pay, at validators on buses and in stations; no card needed, no registration, no PIN. Transcaribe S.A.: news 'Todo lo que debes saber para pagar tu pasaje en Transcaribe con tu tarjeta Visa', 2026-09-02.
  88. Transcaribe, Cartagena, Colombia: transfer window between routes in the same direction with the same payment method: 90 min. Transcaribe S.A.: news 'Todo lo que debes saber para pagar tu pasaje en Transcaribe con tu tarjeta Visa', 2026-09-02.
  89. Transcaribe, Cartagena, Colombia: one payment per Visa card per hour: Each traveller needs their own card or device. Transcaribe S.A.: news 'Todo lo que debes saber para pagar tu pasaje en Transcaribe con tu tarjeta Visa', 2026-09-02.
  90. Taxi minimum fare (carrera mínima) in Cartagena, Colombia, 2026, under Decreto 0051 de 2026, as reported by El Universal: 12,250 COP. El Universal (Cartagena): 'Suben las tarifas de taxis en Cartagena: así quedó la carrera mínima para 2026', report of Decreto 0051 de 2026, 2026-02-27.
  91. Taxi night surcharge in Cartagena, Colombia, 2026, under Decreto 0051 de 2026, as reported by El Universal, from 19:00 to 5:00 the next day: 1100 COP. El Universal (Cartagena): 'Suben las tarifas de taxis en Cartagena: así quedó la carrera mínima para 2026', report of Decreto 0051 de 2026, 2026-02-27.
  92. Taxi fare from the Centro Histórico of Cartagena, Colombia to Bocagrande, Castillogrande, El Laguito, Marbella, Manga, Crespo and nearby barrios, 2026 (El Universal's table of Decreto 0051 de 2026): 12,250 COP. El Universal (Cartagena): table 'Tarifas de taxis en Cartagena desde el Centro Histórico' embedded in its report of 27 Feb 2026, 2026-02-27.

Photographs

  1. Carved stone portal of the Palacio de la Inquisición on Plaza de Bolívar. Photo: Dr. Thomas Liptak, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
  2. Brown pelican on a wooden dock over turquoise water. Photo: SebastianGalvis, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
  3. Rental tents on the beach at the western end of Bocagrande, with the hotel towers behind. Photo: Bernard Gagnon, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons